Routing refers to taking a data packet from network to another network. The main function of a router is to find a best possible path or to find a best logical path.
Best way to find a best router
- Destination Address
- Neighbor routers
- Possible router in the Network
- The best router in the Network
- Static router
- EIGRP
- IGRP
- OSPF
- RIP
- It is a distance based protocol
- RIP sends routing table within 30 seconds
- Uses only hop count to identify best possible Network
- Can only be used in small network, but works slowly in large Network
- EIGRP is the most famous and widely used Routing Protocol
- EIGRP is a classless, distance based protocol
- EIGRP uses subnet mask, that is why it is considered as classless
- Also known as hybrid routing protocol
- As the characteristic of distance vector and link state protocols
- EIGRP sends link data packets that contains info about Network and cost of reaching router
- Provides a bridge between sending and receiving router
- Especially used for large level network
- Supports VLSM and CIDR
- When EIGRP routers receive neighbors update, they store them in routing table that can be used as Raw material to choose best requested router
- OSPF is the most widely used routing protocols by large companies
- OSPF can used, when the both routers are from same router Manufacturers
Minimizes routing update traffic
Supports VLSM
Can use unlimited hops
OSPF is a link state type protocol
Supports classless
Enabling OSPF
The following command will be used to enable OSPF
Router (config) #router OSPF
<1-65535> (unique number of routers)
OSPF runs inside autonomous system the router that connects these autonomous system is called Autonomous System Boundary routers
NAT
* Main reason for using NAT is to assign many Pvt. IP addresses to represent smaller public IP addresses.
* Used for Virtual Servers
*** Need to connect Internet, but hosts dont have IP address
*** Change to New ISP
*** Need to merge two intranets
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